They were also fearful that France would rekindle their loyalty to Scotland and threaten England from the north and south together. Instead, her goal was to ensure freedom of worship for Dutch Protestants and protect Englands Military, commercial and strategic interests listed above. He plotted a Spanish invasion of England, which would involve the killing of Elizabeth and the placing of Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne. Elizabeth I and Finances - History Learning Site The plots to overthrow Elizabeth failed for a number of reasons such as: In 1568, the Queens Spymaster, Francis Walsingham used his spy network to prove that Mary had supported the Babington Plot. Her forty-five year reign was constantly under threat, which makes the fact that she was able to overcome these for forty-five years even more remarkable. - Threats of invasion or Elizabeth's authority were made worse by her financial situation. They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and they were now being. There was also a fear that France and Scotland, alongside Spain, could launch an invasion of England as part of a greater Catholic crusade against the rogue English Protestant nation. The Northern Earls staged a rebellion (1569) centred around Mary, aiming to depose Elizabeth and crown Mary, raising tension between the two monarchs. Therefore, France controlled the whole of the northern coastline and posed a major threat to England. - large religious threat as shows the chance of invasion increased due to the fact Spain and France could unite together against England. With the seemingly imminent war between Spain only a matter of time, Elizabeth was determined to rid England of the enemy within. The most important reason why Mary was a threat to Elizabeth's reign was the fact that Mary was Catholic. This meant her ability to govern from the outset was immediately hampered. Marriage to a foreign prince would ensure a foreign alliance and would have strengthened England against threats from abroad. There are many reasons for this, including interference in English affairs from the Pope, Elizabeth's role in the Dutch revolt (which angered Catholic Spain), Mary Queen of Scots' arrival in England in 1568 and the rebellion in 1569 that was led by the Catholic Earls Northumberland and Westmoreland. She was a Protestant. Walsingham had established a large spy network and was able to intercept letters of Catholic conspirators and work with an expert cryptographer to decode them. In 1558, England lost its final possession - the port of Calais - in France. - Invasion was a major threat because of the power of the countries France and Spain. This was an important symbolic gesture, which angered Philip II. Financial Weakness She was 300,000 in debt. With the Popes blessing, foreign Catholic priests were smuggled into England with the sole purpose of continuing recusancy amongst the English Catholics and undermining the influence of Protestantism. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. The English had drastically improved their shipbuilding techniques which gave them several technological advantages. The plot was uncovered whilst Ridolfi was abroad (he never returned). This focused on dividing the poor into the able-bodied and the impotent. Elizabeth I | Biography, Facts, Mother, & Death | Britannica LS23 6AD The Spanish responded by doing the same to the English. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 3rd point + evidence, - However Elizabeth was also faced with threats about her legitimacy and gender, "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 3rd explanation. In April 1587, Drake sailed to Cadiz and began attacking the anchored ships there. In all, whilst the Catholic threat was increased through Elizabeths interference with the Dutch revolt, as it incurred the anger of the Spanish, it was Mary Queen of Scots presence that emboldened the Catholic threat. In 1571, he developed a plot to overthrow Elizabeth using his Catholic contacts in England and Europe. The ships that did manage to make the journey back ran short of supplies, and many men died of starvation and disease. Why was the threat of invasion Elizabeth's biggest problem in 1558? Both could be serious threats to Elizabeths England. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. Spouse: None. DOCX www.oasisacademywintringham.org English Catholic Francis Throckmorton was the link of communication within this plan. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 2nd explanation. When Elizabeth I acquired the English throne in 1558, many believed due to the religious decisions of her predecessors, dating back to Henry VIII's reign, Elizabeth had inherited a country that was predominantly Catholic in belief. In order to marry Anne Boleyn, Henry VIII had to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. 806 8067 22 Registered Office: Imperial House, 2nd Floor, 40-42 Queens Road, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 3XB, Taking a break or withdrawing from your course. Her early life was full of uncertainties, and her chances of succeeding to the throne seemed very slight once her half-brother Edward was born in 1537. Phillip II of Spain was reluctant to destroy his alliance with Elizabeth and therefore his support for the plots were heart-hearted. The traditional bonds between England and Spain were deteriorating and England needed the support of France for protection from Spain. He was a protestant and head of his country; however England viewed Sweden as a mediocre power and not a nation to be linked with in marriage. Here is an example answer to the following 16-mark question on the reasons for the increased Catholic threat to Elizabeth I after 1566. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! [Blog], Medicine Community Feedback and Suggestions, 2023 entry A100 / A101 Medicine fastest and slowest offer senders, Borders & Enforcement, Immigration Enforcement - Immigration Officer June 22, Official University of the Arts London 2023 Applicants Thread. Died: 24 March 1603. Spain and France were the major European powers. This was important because it demonstrated the strength of Catholic feeling within England and highlighted how Elizabeth, after 11 years, was still vulnerable to English Catholics. Cleopatra, Queen Victoria and many more. By 1568 most people had accepted. Englands victory over the Spanish navy in 1588 contributed to their development as a strong naval power to rival Spain. The leading figure involved in the plot was Francis Throckmorton, a young Catholic man who carried messages between Mary and Catholic conspirators abroad. Doodle's Point of View 1585 Treaty of Nonsuch This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish. - I partly agree with the statement as both France and Spain were powerful Catholic countries, who could unite against Protestant England. From allies to enemies: Queen Elizabeth and King Philip - History In 1580, she received treasure from Sir Francis Drake from his exploits which was worth more than all the rest of her income for that year put together. English sailors land at Roanoke to find it abandoned. [Clear link back to the question at the end of the paragraph here.]. PDF Subject: History Year: 10Lesson 3 - Schudio The first question to ask yourself when revising for GCSE psychology is which exam board am I studying? Overview of Elizabeth I / [A clear summary of the arguments, once more making the link between Mary, the Pope and Catholic interference.]. From 1574, with the help of the Pope, Catholic priests were also being smuggled into England to continue the spread of the Catholic faith. As Phillip was a devout Catholic, he disliked Elizabeths religious settlement and Protestanism. threats did Elizabeth face in 1558? PDF Mark Scheme (Stage 8 Sign Off) November 2020 2) This war was not a success. The war with Spain continued for 15 years, but the Armada of 1588 was the last real serious Spanish threat to Elizabeths throne. As the closest person to God in the eyes of the Catholics, obeying the Pope was of paramount importance and this meant Elizabeth had to be suspicious of other Catholic threats at home. Sir Francis Drake was a leading privateer and responsible for leading several expeditions into the New World in the late 1560s and 1570s. The Netherlands had been part of the Spanish empire since the 1550s. Throckmorton was tortured and although he confessed, was then killed. Following Marys death, there were no more major Catholic plots during Elizabeths reign. King Phillip had been preparing for an attack on England since 1585 and Marys execution made the situation worse with him even more determined to invade England. . Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. Elizabeth and Philipthese two powerful peoplewould begin their relationship peacefully, even warmly, but they would become enemies, facing off in a battle of empires and faiths that would . He was younger than Elizabeth but their union was based on a mutual need for France and England to form an alliance. The English also had better tactics that were more effective. Mary served as a permanent reminder at home and abroad that there was a legitimate Catholic heir to the throne and, with the Popes blessing, willing Catholic rebels could convince themselves they were doing Gods work. Working for the British, Native American Manteo was placed in charge of the expedition by Sir Walter Raleigh. Even though a truce was decided, there was still a constant threat from the Scots and French to the English security . [A range of examples and wide-ranging knowledge really help explore the extent of this problem facing Elizabeth.]. They never met with the Duke of Parma and were forced to sail around the British Isles. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. VAT reg no 816865400. Describe two features of the Rebellion of the Norther earls 1559 7. Explain why Mary, Queen of Scots, was a threat to the reign of The fear of a Catholic uprising and a plot against Elizabeth was a constant threat to her. Official Thread: (Undergraduate) Medicine 2023 Entry, St George's University of London (SGUL) A101 2023 Entry. The Religious Settlement of 1559 - History Learning Site Crucially, when the Spanish ships docked in English ports, the gold was seized by Elizabeth. The English sent 8 fireships loaded with flammable materials in the middle of the night towards the anchored Spanish ships. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis of April 1559 between Spain and France was meant to be the start of lasting peace between the two. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. If Elizabeth made England a Protestant country, he could become a dangerous enemy. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! The raid on Cadiz proved to be a major setback for King Phillips plans to invade England and delayed the Armada by more than a year. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 1st point + explanation. I think I'm about to officially choose the Uni im going to but I'm not 100% sur, HELP, Official Imperial College 2023 Undergraduate Applicants Thread, Official Cambridge Postgraduate Applicants 2023 Thread, Plucking Serene Dreams From Golden Trees.
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