In Chapter 22, just before he reveals his fantasy of the catcher in the rye, Holden explains that adults are inevitably phonies, and, what's worse, they can't see their own phoniness. Historical Context Essay: Mental Health in the Mid-Twentieth Century, Literary Context Essay: Vernacular Language & The Catcher in the Rye. It is, of course related to the development of a given languages and formation of its lexical system. The Romanian version of the Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is based the interpretation. The writings of the Salinger become very important for this time period, because he goes against the grain of society to show how it is wrong. In this case the translator will face many difficulties. To show the definition of the translation difficulties and to identify the types that could exist; To describe the main features of J. D. Salingers work The Catcher in the Rye; To make a clear deffinition of the lexical peculiarities and to point the types of this peculiarities for identification of them in the Salinger's work The Catcher in the Rye; To analize Salinger's work and to identify the translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye.; To identify the main meaning of the words that were used by the author in the order to point out their function in the context; To point out the usage of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in the analysed text; To investigate grammatical, lexical, stylistic and phraseological difficulties of translation in J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Also read the answer onwhat does mark twain satirize in this excerpt from "the 1,000,000 bank-note"? This can be done on diachronic level: Chaucers text is translated into modern English. All mentioned above features about translation difficulties single out that it can be concluded: there are three main types of translation difficulties: grammatical, lexical and stylistical difficulties in translation. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Essential Quotes by Character: Holden Caulfield. A room. Observe the cat is scratching right now." Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. support@phdessay.com. Stradlater spends a lot of time at the gym and in front of the mirror, working on his appearance. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 Some game. The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. He also recounts that the night Allie died, he slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his bare hands. and visits me practically every week-end. Grammatical transformations are characterized by various principles grammatical and lexical as well, though the principal role is given to grammatical ones. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. The wider is the semantic volume of a word, the wider is its combinability, thus due to this feature it can interact with various word forms and word combinations. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. Volume 17, The World book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc a Scott Fetzer Company Chicago London Sydney Toronto 1997; http://www.digischool.nl/ckv1/literatuur/salinger/salinger1.htm. Another important writer of this period is William Faulkner with his works The Sound and the Furry, Light in August and The Hamlet. Explanations are often used within arguments and presented so as to serveas arguments. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. Because Holden depends on his isolation to preserve his detachment from the world and to maintain a level of self-protection, he often sabotages his own attempts to end his loneliness. The quote also shows his viepoint on all adults. According to Lotfipour-Saedi, the texture of a text can be characterized by textual features of: Cohesive relations may be grammatical or lexical. Salinger uses society as the source of discord in this case to be isolated from. The psychological battles of the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield, serve as the basis for critical argument. Catcher in the Rye Essay In the novel The Catcher and the Rye by J. D. Salinger Holden believes childhood, and adulthood are completely different. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. Up home we wear a hat like that to shoot deer in, for Chrissake, he said. Holden's isolation is expressed in the fact that while Stradlater goes out on a date, Holden is all alone in his dorm room, doing homework for his roommate. He ran a tired hand through his hair.The word tired logically is linked with he, syntactically with hand. Stradlater is a "Yearbook" kind of handsome guy. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. Alliefelt separate from his teammates while playing baseball. American Literature books summary. In this case, the provided solutions are not the explanation of the sense of phraseologisms that, in the compilers intentions, should serve to translate them into the other language. One of the main problem or difficulty in translation- is the use of bilingual dictionaries. Words in languages have some definite relation characteristic only to the given language. The second type of difficulty is distinguishing between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. It may have various kinds of lexical meanings (lexical-semantic) variants; it may widen or narrow its meaning and make it more abstract and concrete. This is not possible. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on the other side of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn't belong. Rev. cite it. Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. A) because he often drinks and drives B) because he views her as a sexual conquest C) because he has another girlfriend D) because he will likely make her pay her own way B) because he views her as a sexual conquest 300 Does Holden really dislike Stradlater? Does Holden hate Stradlater? Indeed, the cynicism that Holden uses to avoid expressing his feelings may result from Allies death. Type your requirements and I'll connect Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. Distinguishing between various meanings of a word of general vocabulary. Louis Menand agrees, writing in The New Yorker that Salinger "stopped writing stories, in the conventional sense. He seemed to lose interest in fiction as an art formperhaps he thought there was something manipulative or inauthentic about literary device and authorial control." An important conclusion is that the law of compensation always functions in a translation, as also in the case of the discussed versions of Salingers novel. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Why did Holden decide to write Stradlater's composition for - eNotes For the first time, I can see a definite connection between the main character in the story and the author. If you get on the side where all the hot-shots are, then it's a game, all rightI'll admit that. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. In the case of non phraseological rendering, there are two possibilities: one can opt for a lexical translation or for calques. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. (one code per order). He had lost his athletic scholarship and could not afford tuition. Not with poetry, and not even with prose, where the difficulty is generally assumed to be less. A translation should always include the tasks and the qualities (or even the standards) a translation should perform. As Phoebe points out, Holden has misheard the lyric. It exist a thin line between seriousness and humour. The term translators false friends (les faux amis) was introduced by the French theorists of translation M. Koessler and J. Derocquigny in 1928. Though it is well-known that they comprise the false-friends of translators and the mistakes in their translation are frequent. He is angry at life for being so unfair. I have a feeling that you're riding for some kind of terrible, terrible fall. Consequently, Holden tries to punch him, but Stradlater wrestles him to the ground and puts his knees on his chest. What is the main message of The Catcher in the Rye. An idiom or fixed expression may have no equivalent in the target language. But lying to others is also a kind of phoniness, a type of deception that indicates insensitivity, callousness, or even cruelty. I think the point the author is trying to make is that Holden is terrified about the unpredictable challenges of the world. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Justification is the reason why someone properly holds abelief, the explanation as to why the belief is a true one, or an account of how one knows what one knows. From the investigated material can be concluded that in the well-known novel The Catcher in the Rye by Salinger can be single out the important features of the translation difficulties which are in a great number in this novel. It was tried to give a detailed study of the features of translation difficulties. If you had a million years to do it in, you couldnt rub out even half the Fuck you signs in the world. Salinger used his teenage years as reference in creating Holden. Holden's isolation is expressed in the fact that while Stradlater goes out on a date,Holden is all alone in his dorm room, doing homework for his roommate. There are also expressions that are used in American English only, such as most of the slangy utterances mentioned above.[13]. At this point in the novel, Holden's sense of disadvantage and corresponding bitterness seem somewhat strange, given his circumstances: he's clearly a bright boy from a privileged New York family. This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. Such situations made the translators task and work tremendously difficult because they had to find ways of compensating the loss caused by the inability of recreating a similar effect in the TT because Romanian has a system in which words are written the same way they are read as opposed to English which has a different system. Even so, Holden desperately continues searching for new relationships, always undoing himself only at the last moment. He wants everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed, like the statues of Eskimos and Indians in the museum. (Chapter 16, page 121) Holden also mentions that he is troubled by the fact that he has changed every time he returns to them. Why is Holden worried about Jane and her date with Stradlater? The only thing that would be different would be you. In literature and writing, a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. Also after such investigations was pointed out all the types of lexical peculiarities in J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Ray.. Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our Stradlater wanted holden to write it but he did not want to write it. In the end, The Catcher in the Rye will continue to be a point of great public and critical debate. The author begins the novel with the using of the stylistic devices such as comparison like touchy as hell(J. D. Salinger: 1) through this stylistic devices the author wanted to point out besides his positive point of view about all his parents but also he had some negative thoughts about his parents. It is not the specific items an expression contains but rather the meaning it conveys and its association with culture-specific contexts which can make it untranslatable or difficult to translate. It is often subsumed under the general umbrella of 'relying on the context to disambiguate meanings', which, among other things, means using our knowledge of collocational patterns to decode the meaning of a word or a stretch of language. Holden's jargon is consistent and very enlightening. Holden insults him some more, and Stradlater finally leaves the room. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Modernist literature often features a marked pessimism, a clear rejection of the optimism apparent in Victorian literature. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Holden is terrified by the unpredictable challenges of the worldhe hates conflict, he is confused by Allie's senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. That's all I'd do all day. Then if he does it, he does it his way. These characteristics frustrate Holden, and they make Stradlater . Supplementations of parts of speech are characterized by several factors: difference in structures of the sentences and that short English sentences demand spread translation in the Romanian language. In 1948 he published the critically-acclaimed story "A Perfect Day for Bananafish" in The New Yorker magazine, which became home too much of his subsequent work. He always mentions when hes wearing it and he often doesnt wear it if he is going to be around people he associates with. Hes trying to get across that Holden hates conflict, hes confused by Allies senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. places where he either grew up or which he knew; his use of well-established symbols throughout his fiction; his unique approach of religious themes and his use of Zen philosophy; his attachment to and protection for his characters. ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/the-importance-of-stradlaters-composition-in-the-catcher-in-the-rye/, The Catcher in The Rye: Depression Catcher, Lexical Pecularities and Translation Difficulties in the Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger., Holder In The Catcher in the Rye By J. D. Salinger, get custom In recent years, Salinger's later work has been defended by some critics; in 2001, Janet Malcolm wrote in The New York Review of Books that "Zooey" "is arguably Salinger's masterpiece. Rereading it and its companion piece "Franny" is no less rewarding than rereading The Great Gatsby". This shift is central to Modernism. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. Ill just tell you about this madman stuff that happened to me around last Christmas before I got pretty run-down and had to come out here and take it easy. Throughout the novel, it becomes increasingly clear that Allies death was one of the most traumatic experiences of Holdens life and may play a major role in his current psychological breakdown. In this chapter it would be tried to focus on drawing a link between some general translation theories and the analysis of Romanian versions of Salingers novel, considering the general overview in this chapter a link or a starting point for the case study in the last chapter. Holden also hates the fact that Ackley comes into his room and picks up things that belong to him and his roommate, Ward Stradlater. It wouldnt come off. Statements which are justifications of some action take the form of arguments. We are lucky to present you. . Sometimes it can end up there. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. They argued that Salinger's concerns represented an entire generation of American youth, frustrated by the phoniness of the world, just like Holden was. The general impression is that the Romanian translation is direct, it does not use so many euphemisms, it has more gains, its language is more modern, closer to the contemporary teenage colloquial speech, and more colorful. In this chapter should be tried to focus mainly on the social and cultural contexts from the USA and Romania, as well as on some linguistic problems raised by Salingers use of highly colloquial and taboo language in The Catcher. In the wake of Modernism, and post-enlightenment, meet narratives tended to be emancipator, whereas beforehand this was not a consistent characteristic. Log in here. Mad about Children." You'll be billed after your free trial ends. He wrote about Allie'e baseball mitt. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. It's ironic because Stradlater is a good student, and Holden is being kicked out of school for failing. Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger obtain numerous symbols that persist in the book. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliffI mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. It should be mentioned that word combinability is possible if words point to similar objects they denote. It is a comparison of two objects when the linkage is made explicit, like drumming like a noise in dreams. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Describe Holden's relationship with Jane Gallagher in The Catcher in the Rye. What Stradlater did not expect was that Holden would write about his late brother's baseball glove. Perhaps Holden interacts with it with the innocence and the purity he believes with these characters represents and wears it as a way to connect to them. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only. The most frequent types of difficulties arising from translation that can be proposed to assess in any translation are the following: The method of penalization of errors must be previously established, using clear criteria, and placing emphasis on the lack of coherence, especially regarding meaning and sense, whether it is due to faulty translation, missing items or the wrong application of lexical, semantic, grammatical, graphemic and/or cultural transfer. Purchasing This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. It was discussed the reasons which led to the negative reactions around The Catcher in the Rye and its repeated banning and removal from schools and high schools reading lists since its first publication until nowadays, and also some similar cases in American literature. Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Mr. Antolini's quotation, from a psychoanalyst named Wilhelm Stekel, mean? Relationships, intimacy, and sexuality are also recurring motifs relating to the larger theme of alienation. The reader is intrigued by the dramatic aspect of the quarrel with Stradlater and hardly realizes that he is being cunningly conditioned to believe that Holden is capable of writing "The Catcher in the Rye," a book full of subtle observations about people and about life in general. Salingers works were generally written during two time periods. Holden's brash decision to attack Stradlater is a result of his pent-up anxiety and anger. Every language worked out its own clichs and some set expressions used by speakers, nevertheless those word expressions are not phraseological units but they possess complete form, which, in comparison with the phraseological units, are never broken by adding some introductory words or substitution of some of its elements. What is Holden's view of women and girls in The Catcher in the Rye? Ian Hamilton adheres to this view, arguing that while Salinger's early stories for the "slicks" boasted "tight, energetic" dialogue, they had also been formulaic and sentimental. In. When comparing the grammatical categories and forms of English and other languages are identify the following differences: Absence of conforming form, partial correspondence, differences in character and use urge translators to make necessary grammatical transformations while translating some piece. Life is a game, boy. The main reasons for the novels extensive banning refer to the colloquial and slang language used by Holden Caulfield and to the books sexual content. aldi chip shop curry sauce; 890 mountain home rd, woodside, ca 94062 owner; utica . to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. In the book there are many cases of Holden Caulfield trying to resist growing. my first topic sentence isabout emotional feelings towards Allie but i don't knw what can i pick for the 2 nd topic sentence. But nonetheless as the book developments, Carl starts to learn initiative and he catches a job at a barge and starts to bring money in. His monologues are actually a linked association of ideas: he begins talking about his childhood, which leads him to his parents; then, while mentioning his New York adventures, he says that his brother already knows all about it, so he starts talking about his brother, that he has a talent for writing, but now lives in Hollywood wasting his energies in movies, which enables Holden to express his opinion about movies. burlesque examples in catcher in the rye burlesque examples in catcher in the rye There are several tests for polysemy, but one of them is zeugma: if one word seems to exhibit zeugma when applied in different contexts, it is likely that the contexts bring out different polysemes of the same word. J. D. Salinger used a lot of epithets in his work The Cather in the Ray in order to present a good characteristic of the characters which are in the work and of the objects that he used in his work the epithets were used for pointing out to the reader some of the properties or features of the characters and of the objects with the aim of giving an individual perception and evaluation of these features or properties. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. Please wait while we process your payment. . For example attempts to justify a theft usually explain the motives (e.g., to feed a starving family). He replied, "Jean Gallagher.". They played checkers and became good friends. He is also mad because he knows that it is impossible to keep from kids getting their innocence taken away. He says he would like to protect the children from falling off the edge of the cliff by catching them if they were on the verge of tumbling over. It was tried to achieve this aim by centering on the case study of comparing and analyzing in detail the differences and similarities, the gains and the losses that have occurred both in the English and in the Romanian versions. He is mad that he is not able to stop the kids from getting their innocence taken away. He doesn't say yes directly because he doesn't want to write it for him. They can be nouns, adjectives and verbs. New York Times Book Review 15 July 1951, 5. We must think that the authors language was revolutionary, new and controversial at the time his first stories were published. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels.He does not connect with the people around him, but dwells on people who are memories, like Allie and Jane Gallagher. He is a nonconformist. The theme such as the translation difficulties and lexical peculiarities is actual and well-known today because these are two the most important elements of a lexical-stylistic analysis or important elements of studies in lexicology and in translation studies. Not with poetry, and not even with prose, where the difficulty is generally assumed to be less. I mean thats all I told D.B. Why is Holden obsessed with the ducks at the Central Park Lagoon? Latest answer posted February 26, 2021 at 10:56:04 AM. Salinger also shows his symbolism from other works through the work of Mark Twain. Who is Holden talking to? With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. Throughout the novel, Holden struggles through teenage life because he cannot accept the given responsibilities that come with growing up. Through this hyperbole the author wanted to point out to the reader what could do one little English job through this stylistic device the author intensify the functions of a little English job.. Loneliness is the emotional manifestation of the alienation Holden experiences; it is both a source of great pain and a source of his security. When studying the reality of some object can be identify that its name reveals its functions which finds the reflection in the semantics of the word. Yet, while his behavior indicates his loneliness, Holden consistently shies away from introspection and thus doesn't really know why he keeps behaving as he does. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house, or something similarly straightforward. Holden also says in Chapter 16 I took my old hunting hat out of my pocket while I walked, and put it on. Moreover, the characters created by Salinger used to have some obstacles to fins their own happiness; but, suddenly, it appears the religion as a solution, as a way of liberation: it supposes the end of the suffering for each character. Allie's Baseball Mitt - eNotes.com They form collocations with other items in the text as single units and enter into lexical sets which are different from those of their individual words. The writings of Salinger, while they may have been excellent in style, have become very controversial for what he has portrayed in the society during this time period, The Catcher in the Ray is a writing of a well-known American writer J. D. Salinger that is marked by a lot of characteristics of Salinger writings.
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